uname -a will show you the kernal discription and type
ie. Linux rh-64.test.dev.ldn 2.6.18-92.el5 #1 SMP Tue Apr 29 13:16:15 EDT 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
but to find the actual version of Red Hat you are running
more /etc/redhat-release
i.e Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.2 (Tikanga)
Cheers
Chris
Email us
Business I.T support Brighton from LJE Ltd.
Friday 28 November 2008
Thursday 20 November 2008
Easy Guide to dual booting Mac OS X with Vista or XP
The new hardware from apple is ideal for anyone wanting to use the best of Microsoft and Apple on one piece of hardware
Thanks to some clever utilities called 'Boot Camp' it is very easy to install Windows Vista or XP
onto any exisiting Mac OS X Partition
Simply enter the utility and follow the instructions to create a new windows partiton and boot into the regular vista setup, then install xp or vista to the new seperate partition.
Once installed all the VGA, Ethernet, Airport and sounds drivers can be easily installed too, by inserting the regular Mac OS X DVD and runing the setup.exe.
The windows setup.exe version of 'Boot Camp' drivers, even setup apple keyboard for windows too.
The whole process took us under 45 mins to complete, when using Macos 10.5 and Vista Business edition, without any loss of data to the Mac partition and full hardware compatability.
Only downside we have seen is that some recent Microsoft updates trashed out first attempt, rendering Vista unbootable and unrepairable. So its probably best to backup the Windows partition before installed any Microsoft Service packs, especially on Vista.
So far though, weve been very impressed with this cool utility which gives a new Apple user a real value for money experience and easy acessability to their old Windows files and applications
Akbel
Thanks to some clever utilities called 'Boot Camp' it is very easy to install Windows Vista or XP
onto any exisiting Mac OS X Partition
Simply enter the utility and follow the instructions to create a new windows partiton and boot into the regular vista setup, then install xp or vista to the new seperate partition.
Once installed all the VGA, Ethernet, Airport and sounds drivers can be easily installed too, by inserting the regular Mac OS X DVD and runing the setup.exe.
The windows setup.exe version of 'Boot Camp' drivers, even setup apple keyboard for windows too.
The whole process took us under 45 mins to complete, when using Macos 10.5 and Vista Business edition, without any loss of data to the Mac partition and full hardware compatability.
Only downside we have seen is that some recent Microsoft updates trashed out first attempt, rendering Vista unbootable and unrepairable. So its probably best to backup the Windows partition before installed any Microsoft Service packs, especially on Vista.
So far though, weve been very impressed with this cool utility which gives a new Apple user a real value for money experience and easy acessability to their old Windows files and applications
Akbel
Friday 7 November 2008
Apple Mac Workshop Repair Manuals
Weve now published popular Apple Mac WorkShop repair manuals for you to download via http://www.diycomputers.org.uk , our FREE advice site for people wanting to attempt to repair their own Mac's
Current Mac workshop service manuals included for you to download are:
Mac Book Pro 15 inch Repair Manual 2008
Mac Book 13 inch Repair Manual 2008
Mac Mini Repair Manual
iMAC G5 20 inch LCD Repair Manual
eMac Repair Manual
iMac CRT repair Manual
Powerbook Pro G4 15 inch FW 800 Repair Manual
see http://www.diycomputers.org.uk for the full listing
All steps to upgrade RAM, Replace Hard Drives , fix LCD, upgrade super drive etc are included.
If you need an help with apple spares or advice on Mac repair in London, please call us for a quote +44 207 112 6744
cheers Akbel
Current Mac workshop service manuals included for you to download are:
Mac Book Pro 15 inch Repair Manual 2008
Mac Book 13 inch Repair Manual 2008
Mac Mini Repair Manual
iMAC G5 20 inch LCD Repair Manual
eMac Repair Manual
iMac CRT repair Manual
Powerbook Pro G4 15 inch FW 800 Repair Manual
see http://www.diycomputers.org.uk for the full listing
All steps to upgrade RAM, Replace Hard Drives , fix LCD, upgrade super drive etc are included.
If you need an help with apple spares or advice on Mac repair in London, please call us for a quote +44 207 112 6744
cheers Akbel
Apple Mac useful, boot keys and mouse short cuts
For any Apple Mac newbies here's a listed of Special Keys on the Apple Keyboard which can be used to help you diagnose issues with your Mac.
CMD Key= apple symbol key
Opt Key = Alt key
Magic Keys used by Mac Hardware "Magic Keys" hold down during boot
• Cmd-V Verbose startup (text console)
• Cmd-S Single user mode
• Opt select which device to boot from Hardrive, External Hard Drive, CD etc
• T Export internal Disk as firewire device
• C Boot from CD-ROM
• N Boot from Network
• X Switch boot device to MacOS X folder
• Opt Boot device selection
• Cmd-Opt-O-F Enter OpenProm prompt
Password ( to add passwd to FIRMWARE)
Setenv Security-mode full ( to maximise security security-mode="none" resets secuirty
printenv ( shows all variables)
Mac-boot ( restart mac -softboot)
Cmd ( boot with virtual memeory switched off v8-9x only)
Shift (boot withour extentions, control panel,startup optionr or virtual memory)
Space ( open extension manager)
R: (Force PowerBook to reset screen)
• Cmd-Opt-P-R Flush OpenProm nvram reset systems devices to default
"Magic Keys" during operation
• Cmd-Shift-3 Create screenshot
• Cmd-Alt-Esc End program
• Ctrl-Cmd-Opt-8 Switch to Black and White :)
Settings for boot-args - may be set by command nvram or in the OpenProm
prompt:
• -v Verbose boot
• -s Single user
• -x Safe (used by kextd)
Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts.
Startup Keystroke Description
Press X during startup Force Mac OS X startup
Press Option-Command-Shift-Delete during startup Bypass primary startup volume and seek a different startup volume (such as a CD or external disk)
Press C during startup Start up from a CD that has a system folder
Press N during startup Attempt to start up from a compatible network server (NetBoot)
Press R during startup Force PowerBook screen reset
Press T during startup Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode
Press Shift during startup start up in Safe Boot mode and temporarily disable login items and non-essential kernel extension files (Mac OS X 10.2 and later)
Press Command-V during startup Start up in Verbose mode.
Press Command-S during startup Start up in Single-User mode
Finder window
Keyboard shortcut Description
Command-W Close Window
Option-Command-W Close all Windows
Command-Right Arrow Expand folder (list view)
Option-Command-Right Arrow Expand folder and nested subfolders (list view)
Command-Left Arrow Collapse Folder (list view)
Option-Command-Up Arrow Open parent folder and close current window
Menu commands
Keyboard shortcut Description
Shift-Command-Q Apple Menu Log out
Shift-Option-Command-Q Apple Menu Log out immediately
Shift-Command-Delete Finder Menu Empty Trash
Option-Shift-Command-Delete Finder Menu Empty Trash without dialog
Command-H Finder Menu Hide Finder
Option-Command-H Finder Menu Hide Others
Command-N File Menu New Finder window
Shift-Command-N File Menu New Folder
Command-O File Menu Open
Command-S File Menu Save
Shift-Command-S File Menu Save as
Command-P File Menu Print
Command-W File Menu Close Window
Option-Command-W File Menu Close all Windows
Command-I File Menu Get Info
Option-Command-I File Menu Show Attributes Inspector
Command-D File Menu Duplicate
Command-L File Menu Make Alias
Command-R File Menu Show original
Command-T File Menu Add to Favorites
Command-Delete File Menu Move to Trash
Command-E File Menu Eject
Command-F File Menu Find
Command-Z Edit Menu Undo
Command-X Edit Menu Cut
Command-C Edit Menu Copy
Command-V Edit Menu Paste
Command-A Edit Menu Select All
Command-1 View Menu View as Icons
Command-2 View Menu View as List
Command-3 View Menu View as Columns
Command-B View Menu Hide Toolbar
Command-J View Menu Show View Options
Command - [ Go Menu Back
Command - ] Go Menu Forward
Shift-Command-C Go Menu Computer
Shift-Command-H Go Menu Home
Shift-Command-I Go Menu iDisk
Shift-Command-A Go Menu Applications
Shift-Command-F Go Menu Favorites
Shift-Command-G Go Menu Goto Folder
Command-K Go Menu Connect to Server
Command-M Window Menu Minimize Window
Option-Command-M Window Menu Minimize All Windows
Command-? Help Menu Open Mac Help
Command-Space Open Spotlight (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
Universal Access and VoiceOver
Keyboard shortcut Description
Option-Command-* (asterisk) Turn on Zoom
Option-Command-+ (plus) Zoom in
Option-Command-- (minus) Zoom out
Control-Option-Command-* (asterisk) Switch to White on Black
Control-F1 Turn on Full Keyboard Access
When Full Keyboard Access is turned on, you can use the key combinations listed in the table below from the Finder.
Control-F2 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Menu
Control-F3 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Dock
Control-F4 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Window (active) or next window behind it
Control-F5 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Toolbar
Control-F6 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Utility window (palette)
Command-F5 or fn-Command-F5 Turn VoiceOver on or off (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
Control-Option-F8 or fn-Control-Option-F8 Open VoiceOver Utility (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
Control-Option-F7 or fn-Control-option-F7 Display VoiceOver menu (Mac OS X 10.4 or later) Control-Option-; or fn-Control-option-; Enable/disable VoiceOver Control-Option lock (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
The Universal Access preference pane allows you to turn on Mouse Keys. When Mouse Keys is on, you can use the numeric keypad to move the mouse. If your computer doesn't have a numeric keypad, use the Fn (function) key.
Mouse Keys Keystroke Description
8 Move Up
2 Move Down
4 Move Left
6 Move Right
1, 3, 7, and 9 Move Diagonally
5 Press Mouse Button
0 Hold Mouse Button
. (period on keypad)
Release Mouse Button (use after pressing 0)
Other Commands Keystroke Description
Option-Command-D Show/Hide Dock Command-Tab Switch application tab Highlight next item
Command-Up Arrow Move up one directory
Command-Down Arrow Move down one directory
Page Up or Control-Up Arrow Move up one page
Page Down or Control-Down Arrow Move down one page
Option-Drag Copy to new location
Option-Command-Drag Make alias in new location
Command-Drag Move to new location without copying
Shift-Command-C Show Colors palette in application
Command-T Show Font palette in application
Command-Shift-3 Take a picture of the screen, equivalent to Print Screen on PC
Command-Shift-4 Take a picture of the selection
Command-Shift-4, then press Control while selecting Take a picture of the screen, place in Clipboard Command-Shift-4, then Spacebar Take a picture of the selected window
Option-Command-esc Force Quit
Control-Eject Restart, Sleep, Shutdown dialog box
Control-Command-Eject Quit all applications and restart
Option-Command-Eject or Option-Command-Power Sleep Command-click window toolbar button (upper right corner) Cycle through available views for the window's toolbar (dependant on the nature of the Finder or application window)
Command-` Cycle through windows in application or Finder (if more than one window is
open)
Function-Delete (PowerBook, iBook only)
Forward Delete (delete the character to the right of your cursor)
Mount cd image:
Open terminal
cd /volumes
ls to show devices
cd "/volumes/eMac Restore CD/.images"
Open ./Classic.dmg ( this will attach the volume as another drive)
Have fun
Mark
CMD Key= apple symbol key
Opt Key = Alt key
Magic Keys used by Mac Hardware "Magic Keys" hold down during boot
• Cmd-V Verbose startup (text console)
• Cmd-S Single user mode
• Opt select which device to boot from Hardrive, External Hard Drive, CD etc
• T Export internal Disk as firewire device
• C Boot from CD-ROM
• N Boot from Network
• X Switch boot device to MacOS X folder
• Opt Boot device selection
• Cmd-Opt-O-F Enter OpenProm prompt
Password ( to add passwd to FIRMWARE)
Setenv Security-mode full ( to maximise security security-mode="none" resets secuirty
printenv ( shows all variables)
Mac-boot ( restart mac -softboot)
Cmd ( boot with virtual memeory switched off v8-9x only)
Shift (boot withour extentions, control panel,startup optionr or virtual memory)
Space ( open extension manager)
R: (Force PowerBook to reset screen)
• Cmd-Opt-P-R Flush OpenProm nvram reset systems devices to default
"Magic Keys" during operation
• Cmd-Shift-3 Create screenshot
• Cmd-Alt-Esc End program
• Ctrl-Cmd-Opt-8 Switch to Black and White :)
Settings for boot-args - may be set by command nvram or in the OpenProm
prompt:
• -v Verbose boot
• -s Single user
• -x Safe (used by kextd)
Mac OS X keyboard shortcuts.
Startup Keystroke Description
Press X during startup Force Mac OS X startup
Press Option-Command-Shift-Delete during startup Bypass primary startup volume and seek a different startup volume (such as a CD or external disk)
Press C during startup Start up from a CD that has a system folder
Press N during startup Attempt to start up from a compatible network server (NetBoot)
Press R during startup Force PowerBook screen reset
Press T during startup Start up in FireWire Target Disk mode
Press Shift during startup start up in Safe Boot mode and temporarily disable login items and non-essential kernel extension files (Mac OS X 10.2 and later)
Press Command-V during startup Start up in Verbose mode.
Press Command-S during startup Start up in Single-User mode
Finder window
Keyboard shortcut Description
Command-W Close Window
Option-Command-W Close all Windows
Command-Right Arrow Expand folder (list view)
Option-Command-Right Arrow Expand folder and nested subfolders (list view)
Command-Left Arrow Collapse Folder (list view)
Option-Command-Up Arrow Open parent folder and close current window
Menu commands
Keyboard shortcut Description
Shift-Command-Q Apple Menu Log out
Shift-Option-Command-Q Apple Menu Log out immediately
Shift-Command-Delete Finder Menu Empty Trash
Option-Shift-Command-Delete Finder Menu Empty Trash without dialog
Command-H Finder Menu Hide Finder
Option-Command-H Finder Menu Hide Others
Command-N File Menu New Finder window
Shift-Command-N File Menu New Folder
Command-O File Menu Open
Command-S File Menu Save
Shift-Command-S File Menu Save as
Command-P File Menu Print
Command-W File Menu Close Window
Option-Command-W File Menu Close all Windows
Command-I File Menu Get Info
Option-Command-I File Menu Show Attributes Inspector
Command-D File Menu Duplicate
Command-L File Menu Make Alias
Command-R File Menu Show original
Command-T File Menu Add to Favorites
Command-Delete File Menu Move to Trash
Command-E File Menu Eject
Command-F File Menu Find
Command-Z Edit Menu Undo
Command-X Edit Menu Cut
Command-C Edit Menu Copy
Command-V Edit Menu Paste
Command-A Edit Menu Select All
Command-1 View Menu View as Icons
Command-2 View Menu View as List
Command-3 View Menu View as Columns
Command-B View Menu Hide Toolbar
Command-J View Menu Show View Options
Command - [ Go Menu Back
Command - ] Go Menu Forward
Shift-Command-C Go Menu Computer
Shift-Command-H Go Menu Home
Shift-Command-I Go Menu iDisk
Shift-Command-A Go Menu Applications
Shift-Command-F Go Menu Favorites
Shift-Command-G Go Menu Goto Folder
Command-K Go Menu Connect to Server
Command-M Window Menu Minimize Window
Option-Command-M Window Menu Minimize All Windows
Command-? Help Menu Open Mac Help
Command-Space Open Spotlight (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
Universal Access and VoiceOver
Keyboard shortcut Description
Option-Command-* (asterisk) Turn on Zoom
Option-Command-+ (plus) Zoom in
Option-Command-- (minus) Zoom out
Control-Option-Command-* (asterisk) Switch to White on Black
Control-F1 Turn on Full Keyboard Access
When Full Keyboard Access is turned on, you can use the key combinations listed in the table below from the Finder.
Control-F2 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Menu
Control-F3 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Dock
Control-F4 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Window (active) or next window behind it
Control-F5 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Toolbar
Control-F6 Full Keyboard Access Highlight Utility window (palette)
Command-F5 or fn-Command-F5 Turn VoiceOver on or off (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
Control-Option-F8 or fn-Control-Option-F8 Open VoiceOver Utility (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
Control-Option-F7 or fn-Control-option-F7 Display VoiceOver menu (Mac OS X 10.4 or later) Control-Option-; or fn-Control-option-; Enable/disable VoiceOver Control-Option lock (Mac OS X 10.4 or later)
The Universal Access preference pane allows you to turn on Mouse Keys. When Mouse Keys is on, you can use the numeric keypad to move the mouse. If your computer doesn't have a numeric keypad, use the Fn (function) key.
Mouse Keys Keystroke Description
8 Move Up
2 Move Down
4 Move Left
6 Move Right
1, 3, 7, and 9 Move Diagonally
5 Press Mouse Button
0 Hold Mouse Button
. (period on keypad)
Release Mouse Button (use after pressing 0)
Other Commands Keystroke Description
Option-Command-D Show/Hide Dock Command-Tab Switch application tab Highlight next item
Command-Up Arrow Move up one directory
Command-Down Arrow Move down one directory
Page Up or Control-Up Arrow Move up one page
Page Down or Control-Down Arrow Move down one page
Option-Drag Copy to new location
Option-Command-Drag Make alias in new location
Command-Drag Move to new location without copying
Shift-Command-C Show Colors palette in application
Command-T Show Font palette in application
Command-Shift-3 Take a picture of the screen, equivalent to Print Screen on PC
Command-Shift-4 Take a picture of the selection
Command-Shift-4, then press Control while selecting Take a picture of the screen, place in Clipboard Command-Shift-4, then Spacebar Take a picture of the selected window
Option-Command-esc Force Quit
Control-Eject Restart, Sleep, Shutdown dialog box
Control-Command-Eject Quit all applications and restart
Option-Command-Eject or Option-Command-Power Sleep Command-click window toolbar button (upper right corner) Cycle through available views for the window's toolbar (dependant on the nature of the Finder or application window)
Command-` Cycle through windows in application or Finder (if more than one window is
open)
Function-Delete (PowerBook, iBook only)
Forward Delete (delete the character to the right of your cursor)
Mount cd image:
Open terminal
cd /volumes
ls to show devices
cd "/volumes/eMac Restore CD/.images"
Open ./Classic.dmg ( this will attach the volume as another drive)
Have fun
Mark
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